The Republic of Georgia emerged anew with the collapse of the Soviet Union, embarking on a transformative journey to establish a pro-Western democracy. For over two decades, successive Georgian leaders sought closer integration with the European Union and NATO, positioning the country as a beacon of democratic aspiration in the South Caucasus. Yet in recent years, Georgia has experienced a significant political shift, stepping back from its EU ambitions in favor of cultivating deeper economic and political ties with Russia.

This volume investigates the forces behind this dramatic realignment, offering a comprehensive analysis of Georgia’s evolving national strategy from political, military, economic, and diplomatic perspectives. It aims to uncover not only the internal dynamics that have influenced the country's path, but also the external pressures shaping its future.

The book is structured in three parts to guide readers through the complexities of Georgia’s modern history. Part I presents a concise historical overview, tracing Georgia’s development from ancient times to the re-establishment of independence in 1991. Special attention is given to the influence of neighboring powers—particularly Russia and Iran—in shaping Georgian identity, sovereignty, and statehood.

Part II chronicles the formative years of independence, examining Georgia’s political evolution, its aspirations for Western integration, and the internal and external challenges it faced—including the Rose Revolution and the build-up to the 2008 war with Russia.

Part III analyzes the period from the 2008 invasion to the present, highlighting the increasing polarization within Georgian politics, the shifting public sentiment regarding EU and NATO membership, and the renewed orientation toward Russia amidst geopolitical tensions.

Written for both scholars and general readers, this book offers a rich, multidimensional portrait of Georgia’s complex and often turbulent journey. Whether you are a student of international relations, a policy analyst, or simply interested in the geopolitics of the Caucasus, this work provides critical insights into one of the most strategically significant—and misunderstood—countries in the region.